The major pheromone compounds.
Androstenone — the most controversial. A metabolite of testosterone found in human sweat. Associated with dominance signalling in animal studies; in human research, effects are more complex and dose-dependent. High concentrations can read as threatening; moderate concentrations appear to signal social status.
Androstadienone — a derivative of testosterone found in male sweat and saliva. Better studied than androstenone for human effects. Associated with sustained attention, mood elevation in women, and social comfort. Most widely used compound in men's pheromone products.
Estratetraenol — an oestrogen metabolite historically associated with feminine pheromone signalling. Research support is mixed, but the compound is present in most women's pheromone formulas. Best evidence suggests a social bonding rather than purely sexual effect.
Copulins — a family of fatty acids produced naturally in the body. Linked to elevated testosterone response in some studies. Found in most feminine-targeted products, sometimes in synthetic form.
Alpha-androstenol — sometimes called the 'icebreaker pheromone.' Associated with social comfort, approachability, and conversation facilitation. Often combined with other compounds for a broader effect profile.
Carrier terminology.
Alcohol carrier — the most common delivery vehicle for pheromone products. Evaporates quickly (60 seconds after application), leaving pheromone compounds and fragrance on skin. Good for layering; makes precise dosing easy.
Oil carrier (jojoba, argan, fractionated coconut) — slows evaporation and extends wear time. Better for dry skin types. Takes longer to absorb before layering a fragrance on top.
Sillage — the French term for a fragrance's projection and trail. In pheromone contexts, refers to how far the effect carries from your body. A product with good sillage will affect people at conversational distance (2–4 feet). A product with poor sillage requires close physical proximity.
Concentration — the ratio of pheromone active compound to carrier. More is not necessarily better — androstenone at very high concentration can produce a negative social signal. Properly formulated products balance concentration with effect profile.
